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Data freshness and time zone support

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Gray Goldstein
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At a glance: Data freshness is the period of time between event occurrence and data availability in the platform.

Time zones

TimeZoneMap.jpg

Data freshness and supporting app-specific time zones

Data freshness

The AppsFlyer platform has several types of types of data freshness such as daily and real time. They are used to present and make data available. Each has its own data freshness rate. 

Example: Data freshness rates on the Events dashboard:

  • Metric KPI: real time
  • Average KPI: daily

The last update time appears in the top right-hand corner of the page for daily reports. 

tIME.jpg

Time zones

In the platform, a day starts at 00:01 and ends at 24:00. AppsFlyer uses UTC (GMT) as the default time zone. You can change this by setting an app-specific time zone. 

Date and time-zone principles

UTC time is constant and doesn't have summer/winter times. 

Hemispheres

  • Eastern: Time zones are designated as UTC+ are those located to the east of UTC. 
  • Western: Time zones designated as UTC - are those located to the west of UTC.

App-specific time zone

You can set an app-specific time zone. This means that the data is grouped into days using local time rather than UTC.

Example: 

Beijing: If the app-specific time zone is set to Beijing (UTC +8 ) then the day starts at 16:01 UTC and ends at 16:00 UTC the following day. 

Los Angeles: If the app-specific time zone is set to Los Angeles (UTC -8) then the day starts at 08:01 UTC and ends at 08:00 UTC the following day.

Time-zone guidelines

  • Align your app-specific time zone with the time zone you set for other attribution service providers such as Google and Facebook.
  • If you have more than one app, the best practice is to set all apps to the same time zone. To view an app time zone, go to Configuration > App setting. 
  • Most reports and data extraction tools support app-specific time zones. This includes multi-app reports if all apps are set to the same app-specific time zone.

Daily processing 

Some reports and pull-down lists are processed once a day, this is referred to as daily freshness or daily processing. These are the principles of daily processing:

  • Data belonging to a specific day, for example, Monday, is collected in a bucket. The day begins at 00:01 and ends at 24:00 using the app-specific time. 
  • Data received up to two hours after midnight is included in the day's bucket. Data received up to 02:00 on Tuesday is included in Monday's bucket.
  • At 02:00 local time, the bucket is closed, and no more data can be added to it.
  • Data received after 0200 is placed in the next available bucket, irrespective of the event date.
  • Daily processing of the closed bucket begins two hours after midnight UTC irrespective of the app-specific time zone. For simplicities sake, we state that processing starts at midnight UTC. This means that depending on the local time zone the bucket needs to wait, until midnight UTC, before processing begins.

Eastern hemisphere and UTC time zone:

mceclip9.png

  • Up to 11 hours can pass from the time the day ends (local time) until processing begins. For example:
    • Beijing (UTC+8): Need to wait eight hours before processing begins
    • Berlin (UTC +1): Need to wait one hour before processing begins
    • UTC: No waiting time. 
  • Depending on the report type the data is available 8-20 hours after the start of the processing For example, Beijing data is available from 16:00 local time. Berlin data is available from 09:00.

Western hemisphere:

mceclip7.png

  • Up to 23 hours can pass from the time the day ends until processing begins. For example:
    • Los Angeles (UTC -8): Need to wait 16 hours before processing begins
    • New York (UTC -5): Need to wait 19 hours before processing begins
  • Depending on the report type the processed data is available 8-20 hours after the start of the processing begins. For example, Los Angeles, data is available from 00:01 local time two days after the event. New York data is available from 03:01 local time two days after the event.
  • Example:
    • Events take place on Monday Los Angeles time (UTC -8), the daily processing begins at midnight UTC Tuesday. This is Los Angeles Tuesday 16:01.
    • Eight hours later, on Wednesday 00:01 Los Angeles time the data processing is complete. In practical terms, data from Monday is available to advertisers in Los Angeles when they begin work on Wednesday morning.

Data freshness types

Data freshness types
 Rate Availability Description 

Continuous (AKA real-time)

 Several minutes after the occurrence and subsequent processing of the event Data processing is continuous or in near real-time. This term distinguishes it from batch processing which takes place, for example, daily or hourly. In most cases, continuous data is updated within several mintues of the occurrence of an event. Expect some variation in lag times from event occurrence until it reflects in reports and dashboards. 

Real-time report

 Few minutes after requesting a report

The data freshness is in real-time until the request is made

Daily

 UTC zone: 8 hours after midnight UTC on the day of the event

Eastern hemisphere: 9-20 hours after midnight UTC on the day of the event

Western hemisphere: 21-32 hours after midnight UTC on the day of the event
  • Data is processed daily
  • The availability of this data differs depending on the app-specific time zone
  • Data types that don't support app-specific time zones use UTC time
  • Data availability times may vary from day-to-day or as indicated in specific articles

EOD

 Daily at the end of the day app-specific timezone At the end of the calendar day. Meaning 00:01 of the following day. Example: Data recorded on Monday is available starting from Tuesday at 00:01 irrespective of the app-specific timezone.  

Intraday (during the day)

 Every 4 hours on average
  • Data is collected six times a day, on average every four hours.
  • SRN click and impression data for customers without Xpend is collected 3 times a day.

Ad revenue

 Data is available ~40 hours after the end of day UTC on which the ad displays.
  • AppsFlyer collects ad revenue at 1400 UTC for the previous day.
  • The data displays in the dashboard on the next day. (Processing begins at midnight UTC) 

Example: An ad displays on Day 0. The revenue data is pulled from the ad networks on Day 1 at 1400 UTC and processing begins Day 2 at 00:01 UTC. The data is available in the Dashboard on Day 2 from ~16:00 UTC. Data is reported under Day 0.

 

Ad_revenue_display_timeline_3_en-us.jpg

PBA Daily

 Data is available 8-10hours after the end of the day UTC.
  • PBA dashboard and reports update Daily using the UTC timezone.
  • Daily processing includes events received during the previous day. 
  • During the first seven days after conversion, PBA may identify additional events relating to a conversion. This can change KPIs and media source attribution retroactively. 
  • After seven days, the paths are frozen, and no more changes take place.
  • Raw data reports include the field final_data. When true data is final.  
  • Detailed example

SKAdNetwork

 Updated data displays approx. 68 hours after install.  Range 32-104 hours.

Postbacks received on a given day are processed at the end of the day UTC. Data is available by 08:00 UTC of the following day. Meaning postbacks received Monday; are available on Tuesday morning. 

Detailed explanation of timing.

* Assumes a measurement window of 24 hours. 

Data Locker Daily

 Data is available 8–10 hours after the end of the day UTC 
  • Data is processed daily.
  • Data is contained in the h=23 folder on the event date. For example, Monday's data is available in Monday's h=23 folder on Tuesday 08:00–10:00 UTC.

Data freshness rates and time-zone support

Data freshness rates and time-zone support
Related data  How presented  Data freshness rate
(See the preceding section for the key to the rates)		 Data displays using app-specific time zone

Installs

 KPI Continuous ✓

Sessions, clicks, impressions, loyal users

 KPI
  • Attribution links: Continuous
  • SRNs: Intraday
 ✓

Revenue in-app events

 KPI

Continuous

✓

Ad revenue

 KPI

Ad revenue

 ✓

Ad spend (cost)

 KPI
  • Attribution link: Continuous (maximum up to 2 hours after click)
  • API: Intraday
  • Ad Spend Ingestion: Up to 4 hours after ingestion
 ✓

Uninstalls

 KPI

AppsFlyer pings app stores every 24 hours. The event time of the uninstall represents the time AppsFlyer pinged the silent push notification and discovered the app was uninstalled. This is not the actual time of the uninstall.

 x

In-app events in the interface

Pull-down list

In-app event names that display in pull-down lists update Daily. 

This does not impact the data freshness rate of the data itself. 

Examples: Pull-down in-app event lists in Push API, dashboards, and audiences.

 ✓

Overview dashboard 

 Page Continuous ✓

Protect360 dashboard

 Page  The dashboard updates daily. ✓(1)

Activity page 

 Page
  • KPIs: Continuous
  • Averages: At midnight app-specific time zone. 

✓

Exception: MAU data is UTC

Events page 

 Page Continuous

✓

Retargeting page 

 Page Continuous ✓

Retention

Page

Retention KPIs are available having daily and weekly granularity. The data freshness for each is different. 

  • Daily retention KPIs : Daily
  • Weekly retention KPIs: The week begins on Monday and ends on Sunday. Retention is calculated on Monday 12:00 UTC. The lack of app-specific timezone support for the weekly KPI results in a negligible difference. 

Daily: ✓

Weekly: x

Cohort

 Page

Continuous

✓(1)

Custom dashboard

 Page Continuous. Exception: KPIs that are calculated otherwise

✓(1)

Audiences

 Page
  • Updates are pushed to partners every 24 hours.
  • User-base is updated daily and holds up to 90 days of device data
 ✓

SDK information page

 Page

Daily

  x

Live alerts

 Page
  • Regular KPIs:
    • use app-specific time zone
    • processed at Midnight
    • and are sent at local time 07:00.
  • Protect360 alerts are updated Daily UTC time. 
 ✓

Export data

 Page

The data freshness rate is the same as the dashboard that contains the data. In most cases this means Continuous. 

 

Some exceptions to note:

  • Ad revenue raw data: Daily 
  • Organic installs
  • Protect360:
    • Aggregate reports: Daily
    • Blocked raw data: Continuous
    • Post-attribution raw data: Daily

✓

Pull API

 API  Pull API data freshness is the same as the Export data page described in the row above.

✓

Default UTC

 

Scheduled reports

 Scheduled reports

  • Emails are sent during the morning.

  • Only available for Installs and In-app event raw data reports

✓

Pivot page 

 Page

Daily

✓

Weekly retention KPIs: x

Master API

  API

Daily. Default time-zone is UTC. You can change this in the API call. 

✓(1)

Data Locker

 API
  • Hourly data: updated hourly with data freshness of approx six hours.
  • For Daily reports: On completion of daily processing. 

x

UTC

Postbacks

 API

Continuous

N/A

Push API

 API Continuous. UTC and app-specific timezone are supported simultaneously

✓

Both

Server-to-server in-app events

 API
  • Configurable. Send server-to-server events in real-time or batch mode
  • Batch mode, for events to be recorded with the original timestamps, they must be received by AppsFlyer by 02:00 UTC of the following day
  • Events received after 02:00 UTC are recorded under the time that they were sent
 N/A

Notes:

(1) All apps need to use the same app-specific time zone. If not, time zone reverts to UTC.
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